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Our Prophet's (saas) call to justice and truth caused those who benefited from injustice and oppression, along with those who feared losing their position and rank, to oppose him and his followers in order to retain the value of their worldly acquisitions. Due to their arrogance, they continued to worship their idols and refused to compromise the superstitions in which they believed. Instead, they met together to discuss how they could either make our Prophet (saas) give up his religion or kill him:
When the unbelivers were plotting to imprison, kill, or expel you: they were plotting and Allah was planning, but Allah is the Best of Planners. (Surat an-Anfal: 30)
In other words, the Lord makes things work out for the best and protected our Prophet (saas) from all harm: "…their scheming will not harm you in any way. Allah encompasses what they do" (Surah Al 'Imran: 120).
Allah also promised that no one would do any physical or spiritual harm to him:
Were it not for Allah's favor to you and His mercy, a group of them would almost have managed to mislead you. But they mislead no one but themselves and do not harm you in any way. Allah has sent down the Book and Wisdom to you and taught you what you did not know before. Allah's favor to you is indeed immense. (Surat an-Nisa': 113)
They are people who listen to lies and consume ill-gotten gains. If they come to you, either judge between them or turn away from them. If you turn away from them, they cannot harm you in any way. But if you do judge, judge between them justly. Allah loves the just. (Surat al-Ma'ida: 42)
The hadiths say that his opponents did their best to persuade our Prophet (saas) to abandon proclaiming his moral message. They offered him what they thought was most valuable: wealth and status. Allah relates the following in the Qur'an:
They wish that you would conciliate with them, then they too would be conciliating. (Surat al-Qalam: 9)
In spite of all offers, material and otherwise, our Prophet (saas) persevered and ignored the many threats he received. In Musnad, Ibn Abi Shaybah relates Utbah's unseemly offer to our Prophet (saas): "If you want money, we will collect enough money for you so that you will be the richest of us. If you want leadership, we will take you as our leader and never decide on any matter without your approval. If you want a kingdom, we will crown you king over us..." 43
Our Prophet (saas) put winning Allah's approval above everything else; the only reward he wanted was Allah's mercy and to attain Paradise. No worldly offer of wealth or position could deter him. Allah had already granted him victory and abundant possessions in this world, and there was no doubt that the reward waiting for him in Paradise would be even greater. Many prominent unbelievers tried to persuade him to abandon his mission; when they failed, they resorted to treachery and plans involving his exile, arrest, and even murder. Islamic sources relate these events:
According to Ibn Ishaq, the Qurayshi leaders met and consulted each other: "You know what degree this individual has come to." At this they began discussing. One of them said: "Let's imprison him somewhere, letting him speak to nobody, and let's keep him there until he dies! Let's give him just enough food to keep him alive!…"
But there were objections to this proposal. Such an initiative could lead to chaos. One of them said: "Let's not imprison him; let's remove him from Mecca." But this was also regarded as inappropriate, because "Muhammad (saas) would go to any Arab tribe, bind them to him with fair words, cause them to follow him and have his revenge on us …" At this Abu Jahl said: "There is no alternative to killing Muhammad." 44
Even though the Meccan polytheists had everything that they needed to implement their plots, they were still unsuccessful; Allah protected our blessed Prophet (saas). The hadiths inform us that armed strong young men had been assembled from all the tribes to kill him; many other volunteers came to kill him with swords. It is a great miracle that our Prophet (saas) was not killed and his enemies' traps were always foiled.
Our brave and heroic Prophet (saas) fought in open battle and personally faced with the enemy many times. Although he fought in the front ranks, he was not killed and, by a miracle of Allah, returned from battle unharmed. Despite all the dangers he faced, he nevertheless fulfilled his calling.
Ibn Hanbal, at-Tabarani, and Abu Nu`aym relate that:
I saw the Prophet (saas). A man was brought before him. "This man wanted to kill you," they said. At this, the Prophet said: "Do not fear. Do not fear. Even if you had wished, Allah would not have let you trouble me." 45
Knowing that he was under Allah's protection on the battlefield, our Prophet (saas) put himself completely in His hands and thus served as an example to all believers. Fearing no one but Allah, he was a courageous and patient man who had an excellent moral character. His readiness for self-sacrifice, especially when he got up early and left the house to place the believers in the best locations for a coming battle, made him a fine example for all people:
Remember when you left your family early in the day to position the believers in their battle stations. Allah is All-Hearing, All-Knowing. (Surah Al 'Imran: 121)
Even when he was the target of his enemies and his life was in danger, our Prophet (saas) personally saw to it that the believers were safe. He constantly encouraged them and stirred their enthusiasm to greater heights.
Allah informs us in the Qur'an that "the legions of the heavens and Earth belong to Allah. Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise" (Surat al-Fath: 4). Since the unbelievers did not appreciate His infinite power as they should have, they dared to lift their hand against our Prophet (saas). In return, Allah caused all of their traps to fail or backfire: "They plotted and Allah planned. But Allah is the Best of Planners" (Surah Al 'Imran: 54). The unbelievers witnessed for themselves the Messenger of Allah's (saas) goodness and excellent moral character, but did not let go of their hostility. Unaware that Allah heard them and saw what they were doing, they continued to plot. However, even they eventually came to realize that themselves had fallen into the biggest trap of all:
They concocted their plots, but their plots were with Allah, even if they were such as to make the mountains vanish. (Surah Ibrahim: 46)
Abu Jahl, our Prophet's (saas) greatest enemy, missed no opportunity to try to kill him. Imam al-Bukhari relates the following information from Ibn Abbas:
Abu Jahl said: "If I see Muhammad praying at the Ka`bah, I will tread on his neck." When the Prophet (saas) heard of this, he replied: "If he does so, the angels will snatch him away." 46
Ibn Ishaq relates the following about Ibn Abbas:
Abu Jahl, carrying a very heavy stone with the intent of fulfilling his oath [to kill the Prophet (saas)], staggered as he approached the Prophet (saas), who was humbly absorbed in prayer. Before Abu Jahl was able to get close enough to the Prophet (saas), he turned back in deathly fright. His hand had started to wither on the stone, whereupon he dropped it and ran as fast as he could. Some Qurayshis rushed toward him and asked what had come over him. He told them he had seen a terrifying camel with a tremendously large head, enormous shoulders, and a fearsome set of teeth that looked as if it was about to devour him if he continued. Later on, the Prophet (saas) told his Companions that the camel was none other than Gabriel and that if Abu Jahl had persisted, he would indeed have seized him. 47
As our Prophet (saas) was always under Allah's protection, all traps laid against him were turned aside so that Allah's promise was always fulfilled. Believing that Allah had created apparently difficult situations and that He would bring everything to the best conclusion, our Prophet (saas) continued to proclaim Islam without suffering any harm. Due to his deep trust in Allah and endurance, the Lord gave him the strength to prevail.
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